A UPSC candidate's preparation and success for the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) are greatly influenced by current events. Keeping up with current events broadens your understanding of global issues, including social, political, economic, and environmental ones. To pursue a career in the civil services, one must have this greater awareness.
Speaking of the Main Exam, questions frequently ask candidates to evaluate and discuss current events in relation to governance, policy creation, and societal impact, especially in the General Studies papers. You can provide additional examples and arguments in your responses if you have a solid understanding of current events. In general, an interview or personality test evaluates not only intellectual capacity but also social characteristics and areas of interest.
The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE), which has a three-stage selection process, intense competition, and extensive knowledge, is frequently recognised as one of the most difficult and competitive exams in India. These days, news headlines and the term "G20 Summit" may be flashing on your mobile devices. Now, what is the G20? Why is it important for students to know? How much significance does it have? We will address all of your queries in this article. Important points to keep in mind while preparing for the UPSC CSE (Prelims) 2024, from the objective to the agenda.
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What is G20?
The Group of Twenty (G20) is an international leading forum for economic cooperation. This event has a significant impact on how global architecture and governance are shaped and strengthened with regard to all significant international economic issues.
What is the History of G20?
-Following the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis, the G20 was established in 1999 as a non-official forum for the central bank governors and finance ministers of the world's major industrialised and developing nations to discuss global financial and economic stability.
-Following the global economic and financial crises of 2007 and 2009, the G20 was elevated to the status of Heads of State or Government upon realising that crisis coordination would be impossible without the highest political level. Since then, the G20 Leaders have gathered on a regular basis, and it has developed into the main platform for global economic cooperation.
-Every year, the G20 Summit is organised by a rotating Presidency. The forum's agenda has since been expanded to include, among other things, trade, climate change, sustainable development, health, agriculture, energy, the environment, climate change, and anti-corruption. Initially, the forum primarily addressed broad macroeconomic issues.
G20 Members:
The Group of Twenty (G20) is made up of 19 nations, including the United States, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, and the European Union. The G20 members account for nearly two thirds of the world's population, over 75% of trade, and 85% of the global GDP.
The culmination of all G20 procedures and meetings involving ministers, high-ranking officials, and civil society will be the 18th G20 Summit in New Delhi. At the end of the G20 Summit, a G20 Leaders' Declaration will be accepted, which will express the leaders' commitment to the priorities that were considered and decided upon in the corresponding ministerial and working group meetings. The G20 Summit will take place on September 9 and 10, 2023.
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How Does G20 Actually Work?
-For a year, the G20 Presidency sets the agenda and organises the Summit. The Finance Track and the Sherpa Track are the two parallel tracks that comprise the G20.
-The Finance Track is headed by central bank governors and ministers of finance. After the Finance Track, Sherpas take the lead in the Sherpa Track.\
-The Sherpas of member nations, who serve as the Leaders' personal emissaries, oversee the G20 process from a Sherpa perspective. The heads of the member nations' central banks and ministries of finance oversee the Finance Track. There are thematically focused working groups within the two tracks, with participation from invited/guest countries, international organisations, and representatives from the member states' relevant ministries.
-The Ministry of Finance is primarily in charge of the Finance Track. Throughout the duration of each Presidency, these working groups meet frequently. Over the course of the year, the Sherpas supervise negotiations, coordinating the G20's substantive work and debating Summit agenda items.
What is Sherpa Track?
-It is headed by Sherpa who is the representative of the Leader.
-Focus areas: Socio-economic issues such as agriculture, anti-corruption, climate, digital economy, education, employment, energy, environment, health, tourism, trade and investment. The Working
-Groups under this track include: Agriculture Working Group, Anti-corruption Working Group, Culture Working Group, Development Working Group and Digital Economy Working Group
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G20 2023 Logo:
Regarding the logo, the saffron, white, green, and blue colours of India's national flag served as inspiration for the design. It compares the lotus, the national flower of India, which symbolises growth in the face of adversity, to the planet Earth. India's pro-planet, in perfect harmony with nature, lifestyle is reflected in the Earth. The word "Bharat" is written in Devanagari script beneath the G20 logo.
Theme For G20 2023 India Presidency:
India's G20 Presidency theme, "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam," or "One Earth · One Family · One Future," is taken from the Maha Upanishad, an ancient Sanskrit text. The theme essentially affirms the importance of all life, including microorganisms, plants, animals, and humans, as well as their interconnectedness on Earth and in the larger universe.
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The theme also highlights LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment), and the related, ecologically sustainable and responsible choices that lead to globally transformative actions that result in a cleaner, greener, and bluer future, both at the level of individual lifestyles and national development.
