CBSE Syllabus Class 12 Accounts 2024-25 | For 2025 Board Exams | Free PDF Download

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For CBSE students, the marks of class 12 are very crucial for them because these marks play a very important role in the admission process of colleges to which they apply. For commerce students, accounts are a very important subject, and every commerce student wants to score high in accounts. For scoring high in accounts, good preparation is very crucial. CBSE Syllabus Class 12 Accounts 2024-25 is very helpful for students in exam preparations.

Through syllabus, students can properly cover all topics and understand the marks distribution, then plan their studies in a better manner. The CBSE Class 12 Accounts Syllabus 2024-25 includes the chapter and topics like accounting for partnership firms, accounting for the company, analysis of financial statements, cash flow statements, computerized accounting and much more.

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CBSE Class 12 Accounts Syllabus 2024-25 (Updated):

In this given table below, we provide the syllabus of the 12th account in table form.

PART A - Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies

UNIT 1 - Accounting for Partnership Firms

- Partnership – features & Partnership Deed

- Provisions of the Indian Partnership Act 1932 in the absence of a partnership deed.

- Fixed v/s fluctuating capital accounts. Preparation of Profit and Loss Appropriation accounts - a division of profit among partners and guarantee of profits.

- Past adjustments (relating to interest on capital, interest on drawing, salary and profit-sharing ratio).

- Goodwill – meaning, factors affecting, nature and methods of valuation – super profit, average profit and capitalization.

Note - Interest on the partner's loan to be treated as charge against profit.

Goodwill - meaning factors affecting, methods for calculation (average profits, super profits and capitalization), need for valuation), adjusted through partners' capital and current account or by raising/writing off goodwill (AS - 26)

Accounting for Partnership firm – Reconstitution and Dissolution

Change in the Profit-Sharing Ratio among the existing partners

Gaining ratio, sacrificing ratio, reassessment of liabilities and treatment of reserves and accounting for revaluation of assets, accumulated profits and loss. Preparation of balance sheet and revaluation account.

Other Recommended Books | Study Materials (All Subjects)

Admission of a partner

Effect of admission of a new partner on change in the profit-sharing ratio, treatment for revaluation of all assets and reassessment of liabilities, treatment of goodwill (as per AS 26), treatment of all reserve, accumulated profit and loss, adjustment of capital accounts and preparation of capital, current accounts and balance sheet.

Retirement and death of partner

Effect of retirement or death of partner on change in profit sharing ratio and treatment of goodwill (as per AS-26), adjustment of accumulated profits, losses and reserves, treatment for revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities, losses and reserves, adjustment of capital accounts and preparation of current account, capital account and balance sheet. Preparation of the loan account of the retiring partner.

Dissolution of partnership firm

Meaning of dissolution of a partnership and partnership firm and types of dissolution of a firm. Settlement of accounts – preparation of realization accounts and other related accounts, cash/bank a/c (excluding incremental distribution, sale to a company and insolvency of partner or partners) and capital accounts of partners.

Calculation of the deceased partner's share of profit till the date of death. Preparation of the deceased partner's capital account and his executor's account.

Note: - 

• If the realized value of tangible assets isn't given must be considered as realized at book value itself.

• If the realized value of intangible assets isn't given, it should be considered zero( zero value).

• In case the consummation charges are borne by a partner, clear suggestions should be given regarding the payment thereof.

Unit-3 - Accounting for Companies

Accounting for Share Capital

- Types and features of companies

- Share and share capital – nature & types

- Accounting for share capital – Issue and allotment of equity and preference share. 

- Public subscription of shares – over subscription, under subscription; issue shares at par, at a premium, call in advance and arrears, Issue of shares for consideration other than cash.

- Private placement & Employee stock option plan

- Disclosure of share capital in the balance sheet of the company

- Accounting treatment of forfeiture and re-issue of shares

Accounting for Debentures

This includes the meaning of debentures, types of debenture, Issue of debentures (at par, at a premium and at a discount), Issuing debentures other than cash, interest on debentures, debentures as collateral security, Issue of debentures with terms of redemption and writing off discount or loss on Issue of debentures.

Part B - Financial Statement Analysis

Unit 4: Analysis of Financial Statements

Financial statements of a Company – under this, students will learn about: Meaning, nature, importance and uses of financial statements.

The statement of profit & loss and balance sheet is in the prescribed form with main headings and subheadings (as per Schedule-III to the Companies Act, 2013).

NOTE:

– Extraordinary items, exceptional items and profit (LOSS) from discontinued operations are excluded

- Financial Statement Analysis – Meaning, objective, significance, importance and limitations.

- Accounting Ratios – meaning, objective, classification, advantages and analysis.

- Tools for financial statement analysis are Ratio analysis & cash flow analysis.

- Liquidity ratio – current ratio and a quick ratio

- Solvency ratio – a total asset to debt ratio, debt to equity ratio, interest coverage ratio and proprietary ratio. 

- Activity ratio – trade receivables turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, fixed asset turnover ratio, trade payable turnover ratio, working capital turnover ratio and net asset turnover ratio.

- Profitability ratio – operating ratio, gross profit ratio, return on investment and net profit ratio.

Unit 5 - Cash Flow Statement

Under this, students will learn about meaning, objectives, benefits, cash and cash-equivalent, and classification of activities and preparations (as per AS 3 (Revised) (Indirect Method only).

NOTE:

• Adjustments relating to depreciation and amortization, profit & loss on sales of assets, including investment, dividend and tax.

• Bank overdrafts & cash credit are to be treated as short-term borrowings.

• Current Investments are to be taken as Marketable securities unless otherwise specified.                                         

Part B - Computerized Accounting 

Unit 4: Computerized Accounting

Overview of Computerized Accounting System

o Introduction: Application in Accounting.

o Features of Computerized Accounting System.

o Structure of CAS.

o Software Packages: Generic, Specific, Tailored.

Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet

o Concept of an electronic spreadsheet.

o Features offered by electronic spreadsheet.

o Application in generating accounting information – bank reconciliation statement, loan repayment of loan schedule, asset accounting and ration analysis.

o Data representation – charts, graphs and diagrams.

Using Computerized Accounting System.

o Steps in the installation of CAS, creation of accounts and codification and hierarchy of account heads

o Data entry, data validation and data verification

o Adjusting entries, profit and loss account with closing and opening entries and profit and loss account.

o Need and security features of the system.

Part C - Practical Work

For this, please refer to the latest guidelines published by CBSE.