NCERT Books Class 12 Biology for 2023-24 Board Exams:

 

The NCERT books are an excellent way to help students prepare for their board exams. In biology class 12 NCERT solutions, classes focus on their practical knowledge and understanding of the concepts of the NCERT books. This helps students understand how they can apply these concepts in their daily lives.

 

NCERT Books Class 12 Biology 2023-24:

CBSE Class 12 students use NCERT books to get basic and advanced knowledge of their respective subjects. By using NCERT, students correctly understand the syllabus and analyze which topics are most expected to appear in the exam. Biology is one of the most important subjects for students who have biology in their 12, and every student wants to score high in this subject because marks in biology play a crucial role when students apply to colleges for medical studies.

 

Chapter No.	Download Chapter-wise Biology PDF
Chapter 1	Reproduction in Organisms
Chapter 2	Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants
Chapter 3	Human Reproduction
Chapter 4	Reproductive Health
Chapter 5	Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter 6	Molecular Basis Of Inheritance
Chapter 7	Evolution
Chapter 8	Human Health and Disease
Chapter 9	Strategies For Enhancement In Food Production
Chapter 10	Microbes In Human Welfare
Chapter 11	Biotechnology Principles and Processes
Chapter 12	Biotechnology and Its Applications
Chapter 13	Organisms and Populations
Chapter 14	Ecosystem
Chapter 15	Biodiversity and Conservation
Chapter 16	Environmental Issues

 

Check out other NCERT Books Class 12 for All Subjects for 2023-24 Exams: 

 

NCERT Books class 12 biology is perfect study material for students currently in 12 or preparing for competitive exams in their respective fields. NCERT book of biology is designed in such a manner that it provides the best content for exam preparations (12th boards and competitive exams). The CBSE class 12 board exams are based on NCERT books, and teachers of schools and institutes also use NCERTs to teach students. Latest NCERT always comes with updated content, and new types of questions in exams are also based on these books. In recent years other state boards always include these books in their curriculum due to the excellent quality content in these books.

 

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NCERT Books Class 12 Biology chapters

 

Chapter 1 - Reproduction in Organisms

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Fertilization and generation of new individuals

- Process of reproduction

- Asexual reproduction

- Sexual reproduction

- Pre-fertilization phenomena

- Post-fertilization phenomena

- and others

 

Chapter 2 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

 

- Development of male and female gametophytes

- Flower structure

- Pollination (types, agencies & examples)

- Double fertilization

- Pollen-pistil interaction

- Post-fertilization Events-Development of endosperm and embryo

- Special modes (Apomixes, parthenocarpy & Polyembryony)

- Development of seed and formation of fruit

  

Chapter 3 – Human Reproduction

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Male and female reproductive systems

- Gametogenesis (spermatogenesis & oogenesis)

- Menstrual cycle

- Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary

- Fertilization of embryo development up to blastocyst formation

- Lactation

- Parturition

 

- Chapter 4 - Reproductive Health

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Reproductive health needs

- Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)

- Birth control (need, method, contraception and MTP)

- Amniocentesis

- Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies (IVF, ZIFT & GIFT)

 

Chapter 5 - Principles of Inheritance and Variation

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Mendelian inheritance

- Chromosome and genes

- Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance

- Deviation from Mendelism (incomplete dominance, Multiple alleles, Co-dominance, Inheritance of blood groups and Pleiotropy)

- Sex determination (in humans, birds & honey bees)

- Linkage and crossing over

- Mendelian disorder in humans

- Chromosomal disorders in humans (Down's syndrome, Turner's & Klinefelter's syndromes)

 

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Chapter 6 - Molecular Basis of Inheritance

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Search for genetic material & DNA as genetic material

- DNA packaging

- Structure of DNA & RNA

- DNA replication

- Transcription, translation & genetic code

- Central dogma

- DNA fingerprinting

- Genome and human Genome project

 

Chapter 7 – Evolution

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Origin of life

- Darwin's contribution

- Biological evolution

- Evidence of biological evolution (Paleontological, embryology, comparative anatomy and molecular evidence)

- Modern synthetic theory of evolution

- Gene flow and genetic drift

- Mechanism of evolution (variation – mutation & recombination, types of natural selection and natural selection with examples)

- Human evolution

- Adaptive radiation

- Hardy – Weinberg's principle

 

Chapter 8 - Human Health and Diseases

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Pathogens – parasites causing human diseases: - Malaria, typhoid, ascariases, filariasis, common cold, pneumonia, ringworm & amoebiasis

- Basic concepts of immunology – Vaccines – cancer, HIV & AID

- Adolescence, alcohol abuse and drug

 

Chapter 9 - Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

 

This chapter explains the improvement in food production, which again includes: 

- Plant breeding

- Single-cell protein

- Tissue culture

- Apiculture

- Biofortification

- Animal husbandry

 

Chapter 10 - Microbes in Human Welfare

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Industrial production

- Biofertilizers

- In household food procession

- Energy generation and biocontrol agents

- Antibiotics (Production and judicious use)

 

Chapter 11 - Biotechnology - Principles and Processes

 

In this chapter, you will read about Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).

 

Chapter 12 - Biotechnology and its Application

 

This chapter explains to students the application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture. Also explain about, human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms and transgenic animals.

 

Chapter 13 - Organisms and Populations

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

 

- Population interactions

• predation
• mutualism
• competition
• parasitism

- organisms and environment

• Population
• Habitat
• Ecological adaptations
• Niche

- population attributes

• Birth rate
• Death rate
• Age distribution
• Growth

 

Chapter 14 – Ecosystem

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Components of the ecosystem

- Patterns of ecosystem

- Decomposition

- Productivity

- Energy flow

- Nutrient cycle

- Pyramids of number, energy and biomass

- Ecological succession

- Ecological services

 

Chapter 15 - Biodiversity and its Conservation

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Concept of biodiversity

- Importance of biodiversity

- Patterns of biodiversity

- Loss of biodiversity

- Biodiversity conservation

• Red data book
• Hotspots
• Extinction
• Endangered organisms
• National parks
• Biosphere reserves
• Ramsar sites
• Sanctuaries

 

Chapter 16 - Environmental Issues

 

The topics which are covered in this chapter are:

- Solid waste management

- Water pollution and its control

- Air pollution and its control

- Agrochemicals and their effects

- Radioactive waste management

- Ozone layer depletion

- Greenhouse effect

- Climate change

- Deforestation

 

NCERT Books Class 12 Biology benefits 

 

- Very informative and easy-to-understand language

- The solutions in this book are given by experts

- Chapter-wise questions and other exercises

- Most essential topics are given in a very systematic manner

- Board exams based on these books

- No question in the exam paper will appear outside of this book 

- NCERT provides in-depth knowledge of the subject

- Very crucial to scoring high and getting ahead of other students

 

CBSE Sample Paper Class 12 for 2023-24 Board Exams | Free PDF Download

 

Advantages of NCERT Books Class 12 Biology 

 

There are several advantages to studying from NCERT Books Class 12 Biology for CBSE Class 12 students:

 

Comprehensive and up-to-date information: NCERT books are written by experts in the field and are based on the latest research and developments in the subject. They provide a thorough and comprehensive overview of the subject matter and are an excellent resource for students preparing for exams.

Easy to understand language: NCERT books are written in simple and easy-to-understand language, making them accessible to students of all abilities. This is especially helpful for students who may not have a strong background in the subject or who may struggle with complex language.

Well-organized and structured: NCERT books are well-organized and structured, making it easy for students to follow along and understand the material. They are divided into chapters and sections, and each chapter includes a summary of key points and reviews questions to help students reinforce their learning.

Aligned with the CBSE syllabus: NCERT books are written in alignment with the CBSE syllabus, making them an excellent resource for students preparing for exams. They cover all the necessary material that students need to know for their exams and are an essential part of any student's study routine.

Inexpensive and widely available: NCERT books are inexpensive and widely available, making them an affordable and convenient resource for students. They can be purchased from bookstores, or online and are also available for free download from the NCERT website.

 

Overall, studying from NCERT books provides a number of advantages for CBSE Class 12 students, including comprehensive and up-to-date information, easy-to-understand language, a well-organized and structured format, alignment with the CBSE syllabus, and affordability and convenience.

 

CBSE Class 12 Biology Unit Wise Weightage

 

Unit No.	Unit	S. No	Chapter	Marks
I	Reproduction	1	Reproduction in Organisms	12
		2	Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
		3	Human Reproduction
		4	Reproductive Health
II	Genetics and Evolution	5	Principles of Inheritance and Variation	18
		6	Molecular Basis of Inheritance
		7	Evolution
III	Biology and Human Welfare	8	Human Health and Disease	14
		9	Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
		10	Microbes in Human Welfare
IV	Biotechnology	11	Biotechnology – Principles and Processes	12
		12	Biotechnology and its Applications
V	Ecology and Environment	13	Organisms and Populations	12
		14	Ecosystems
		15	Biodiversity and Conservation
		16	Environmental Issues
			Total	70

 

CBSE Class 12 Biology Exam Pattern

 

The question paper of Biology contains 33 questions which are divided into five sections, with all questions being mandatory.

 

Section-A contains 16 questions of 1 mark

Section B contains five questions of 2 marks

Section C contains seven questions of 3 marks

Section D contains two based questions of 2 marks

Section E contains three questions of 5 marks

 

 

Tips to prepare for the exam from NCERT Books Class 12 Biology 

 

Some tips for preparing for a biology exam from NCERT Books Class 12 Biology:

 

Start by reviewing the main concepts and theories covered in each chapter. Make sure you understand the key terms and definitions and how they relate to each other.

Go through the review questions at the end of each chapter. These are typically designed to test your understanding of the material, so they can be a good indicator of what you can expect in the exam.

Practice applying the concepts you have learned to real-world situations. This will help you understand how the concepts are used in practice and will also help you think critically about the material.

Create flashcards with key terms and definitions to help you review and memorize important information.

Take practice quizzes and exams to get a feel for the types of questions that may be on the real exam.

Review your notes and summaries regularly to reinforce your understanding of the material.

If you have any questions or are struggling to understand a concept, don't be afraid to ask for help from your teacher or classmates.

 

Remember to also get plenty of rest, eat well, and manage your time effectively in the days preparing for the board exams.

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Books Class 12 Biology 

 

Some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about NCERT Books Class 12 Biology:

 

Q.1 What are the chapters covered in NCERT Class 12 Biology?

 

Ans. The NCERT Books Class 12 Biology covers the following chapters:

• Reproduction in Organisms
• Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
• Human Reproduction
• Reproductive Health
• Principles of Inheritance and Variation
• Molecular Basis of Inheritance
• Evolution
• Human Health and Disease
• Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
• Microbes in Human Welfare
• Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
• Biotechnology and its Applications
• Organisms and Populations
• Ecosystem
• Biodiversity and Conservation
• Environmental Issues

 

Q.2 Where can I find the NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook?

 

Ans. The NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook is available in print form at bookstores and on our website. It is also available online on the NCERT website (https://ncert.nic.in/) and on the official website of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE.

 

Q.3 Is the NCERT Books Class 12 Biology textbook sufficient for preparing for exams?

 

Ans. The NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts covered in the subject. It is a good resource for preparing for exams and understanding basic concepts. However, students may need to supplement their preparation with additional study materials and practice questions to fully prepare for exams.

 

Q.4 Are there any online resources available for NCERT Books Class 12 Biology?

 

Ans. Yes, there are several online resources available for NCERT Class 12 Biology. These include online study guides, notes, and video lectures. Some websites also provide practice questions and mock tests to help students prepare for exams.

 

Q.5 Can I get the NCERT Books Class 12 Biology textbook in languages other than English?

 

Ans. Yes, the NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook is available in languages other than English, including Hindi and other regional languages. You can check the NCERT website for a list of languages in which the textbook is available.