CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 | For 2025 Board Exams | Free PDF Download

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Students can use the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 to prepare for the 2024-2025 academic year. Chemistry is a fundamental discipline of science that studies the qualities, structure, and constituents of matter or substance, as well as their interactions with other forms of matter. Before beginning the academic year 2024-2025, students should be familiar with the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25. It will offer students an idea of the CBSE Class 12 chapters and units. Before changing or prescribing the Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus, the Board conducts studies and research. The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-2025 PDF is available for free download above.

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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 Unit-wise:

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 (Chapter-wise)

Unit -1: Solutions

• Raoult's law.

• Colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass.

• Solutions, Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions.

• Van't Hoff factor.

Unit -2: Electrochemistry

• Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential

• Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells

• Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell

• Kohlrausch's Law

• Electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea)

• Dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells

• Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration.

• Lead accumulator

• Fuel cells

Unit -3: Chemical Kinetics

• Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous)

• Rate law and specific rate constant

• Integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zerfirst-order order reactions)

• Concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)

• Factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst;

• Order and molecularity of a reaction

• Activation energy

• Arrhenius equation

Unit -4: d and f Block Elements  

• Lanthanoids- Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.

• Actinoids- Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.

• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, color, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.

Other Recommended Books | Study Materials (All Subjects)

Unit -5: Coordination Compounds  

• Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, color, magnetic properties and shapes

• The importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).

• IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds.

• Bonding

• Werner's theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism

Unit -6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes  

• Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloro methane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.

• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.

Unit -7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers   

• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.

• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, and uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.

Unit -8: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids   

• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.

• Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, the reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.

Unit -9: Amines    

• Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, and identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.

Unit -10: Biomolecules     

• Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.

• Vitamins - Classification and functions.

• Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.

• Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.

The syllabus is divided into three parts: Part A, Part B, and Part C. Part A consist of Basic Concepts of Chemistry, which covers topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, and thermochemistry. Part B consists of Topics in Physical Chemistry, which includes topics such as chemical kinetics, equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Part C consists of Topics in Organic Chemistry, which covers topics such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds.

Basic Concepts of Chemistry:

• Atomic structure: This section covers the fundamental concepts of atomic structure, including the electronic configuration of atoms, the Bohr model of the atom, and the wave nature of matter.

• Chemical bonding: This section covers the different types of chemical bonds, including ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds, as well as the concept of hybridization.

• States of the matter: This section covers the three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - and the factors that influence their properties.

• Thermochemistry: This section covers the principles of thermochemistry, including the laws of thermodynamics and the concept of enthalpy.

Chapters in Physical Chemistry:

• Chemical kinetics: This section covers the study of the rate of chemical reactions and the factors that influence it, including the concentration of reactants, temperature, and the presence of catalysts.

• Equilibrium: This section covers the principles of chemical equilibrium, including the concept of Le Chatelier's principle and the equilibrium constant.

• Electrochemistry: This section covers the principles of electrochemistry, including the concept of half-cell reactions, galvanic cells, and electrolysis.

Chapters in Organic Chemistry:

• Alkanes: This section covers the properties and reactions of alkanes, including their structure, isomerism, and combustion.

• Alkenes: This section covers the properties and reactions of alkenes, including their structure, isomerism, and addition reactions.

• Alkynes: This section covers the properties and reactions of alkynes, including their structure, isomerism, and addition reactions.

• Aromatic compounds: This section covers the properties and reactions of aromatic compounds, including their structure, isomerism, and electrophilic substitution reactions.

In addition to the topics covered in the syllabus, the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry exam also tests students on their analytical and problem-solving skills, as well as their ability to apply the concepts learned in the classroom to real-world situations.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus for Practical

The following is a breakdown of the marks for practical, project work, class records, and viva. The total number of marks for all parts is 15. The marks for both terms are provided in the table below.

How to complete the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 before the board exams?

Completing the syllabus of Class 12th Chemistry can seem like a daunting task, especially if you are struggling to understand the concepts and keep up with the pace of the class. However, with some planning and effort, it is possible to successfully complete the syllabus and perform well in your exams. Here are some tips to help you achieve this goal:

Stay organized: It is important to keep track of your progress and plan your studies effectively. Use a planner or a calendar to mark important dates, such as deadlines for assignments and exams, and create a study schedule that allows you to cover all the topics in the syllabus.

Understand the concepts: Instead of just memorizing facts and formulas, try to understand the underlying concepts and principles of chemistry. This will help you to apply your knowledge to solve problems and perform well in your exams.

Practice regularly: Regular practice is crucial to master the concepts of chemistry. Work through practice problems and past exam papers to get a feel for the types of questions that may be asked in the exams.

Seek help when needed: If you are struggling to understand a particular concept or topic, don't be afraid to ask for help. You can seek guidance from your teacher, a tutor, or a study group.

Stay motivated: It is normal to feel overwhelmed or demotivated at times, but it is important to stay focused and motivated to complete the syllabus. Set small goals for yourself and reward yourself for achieving them to stay motivated.

By following these tips and working consistently, you can complete the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus and perform well in your exams. Remember to stay organized, understand the concepts, practice regularly, seek help when needed, and stay motivated to succeed in this subject.

To succeed in the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry exam, it is important for students to have a strong foundation in the concepts covered in the syllabus, as well as a good understanding of the underlying principles and their practical applications. Regular practice and revision, as well as seeking guidance from teachers and mentors, can help students to achieve success in this subject.

Overall, the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the principles and concepts of chemistry and to prepare them for higher education and career opportunities in the field. With dedication and hard work, students can confidently tackle the challenges of the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry exam and emerge as successful learners.